Objective. Controlling neural activity enables the possibility of manipulating sensory
perception, cognitive processes, and body movement, in addition to providing a powerful …

The accurate processing of contrast is the basis for all visually guided behaviors. Visual
scenes with rapidly changing illumination challenge contrast computation because …

Rapid eye movements (saccades) incessantly shift objects across the retina. To establish
object correspondence, the visual system is thought to match surface features of objects …

Providing the critical link between the retina and visual cortex, the well-studied lateral
geniculate nucleus (LGN) has stood out as a structure in search of a function exceeding the …

Ecological approaches to perception have demonstrated that information encoding by the
visual system is informed by the natural environment, both in terms of simple image …

Retinal ganglion cells of a given type overlap their dendritic fields such that every point in
space is covered by three to four cells. We investigated what function is served by such …

A fundamental challenge at the interface of machine learning and neuroscience is to
uncover computational principles that are shared between artificial and biological neural …

When visual contrast changes, retinal ganglion cells adapt by adjusting their sensitivity as
well as their temporal filtering characteristics. The latter has classically been described by …

A fundamental everyday visual task is to detect target objects within a background scene.
Using relatively simple stimuli, vision science has identified several major factors that affect …

Twice a day, at dawn and dusk, we experience gradual but very high amplitude changes in
background light intensity (irradiance). Although we perceive the associated change in …