SPINAL anesthesia has enjoyed a long history of success and recently celebrated a
centennial anniversary. 1 Anesthesiologists master spinal anesthesia early during training …

Background and Objectives. Lipophilic opioids, especially fentanyl and sufentanil, are
increasingly being administered intrathecally as adjuncts to spinal anesthesia. This review …

For over 50 years, Berry & Kohn s Operating Room Technique, 13th Edition has been the
text of choice for understanding basic surgical principles and techniques. Highly readable …

Laparoscopy is becoming one of the most common surgical procedures performed on an
outpatient basis. Technical advances in the field of endoscopic surgery, such as the …

We randomized 76 parturients to a double-blinded trial to receive spinal anesthesia with
either hyperbaric or plain bupivacaine 9 mg with fentanyl 20 μg for elective cesarean …

Background Intrathecal adjuncts often are used to enhance small-dose spinal bupivacaine
for ambulatory anesthesia. Neostigmine is a novel spinal analgesic that could be a useful …

In the context of “Augmentation strategies” for epidural and intrathecal analgesia, the
discovery of opioid receptors and the subsequent development of the technique of epidural …

Die einseitige Spinalanästhesie ist ein kostengünstiges und schnell durchführbares
Verfahren. Sie beschränkt sich auf die sensiblen, motorischen und sympathischen …

Objective: To investigate the effects of selective spinal anaesthesia with low-dose
bupivacaine alone and in combination with various doses of fentanyl, on blockage …

Background: Our purpose was to evaluate the effect of intrathecal fentanyl 25 µg added to
18 mg of 6 mg ml− 1 hyperbaric ropivacaine on the characteristics of subarachnoid block …