In this year there is the 40th anniversary of the first publication of plant nitric oxide (NO)
emission by Lowell Klepper. In the decades since then numerous milestone discoveries …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous reactive oxygen species (ROS) that has evolved as a
signaling hormone in many physiological processes in animals. In plants it has been …

In the recent times, plants are facing certain types of environmental stresses, which give rise
to formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroxyl radicals, hydrogen …

The gametophyte represents the sexual phase in the alternation of generations in plants; the
other, nonsexual phase is the sporophyte. Here, we review the evolutionary origins of the …

Pollen germination, along with pollen tube growth, is an essential process for the
reproduction of flowering plants. The germinating pollen with tip-growth characteristics …

Upon germination, pollen forms a tube that elongates dramatically through female tissues to
reach and fertilize ovules. While essential for the life cycle of higher plants, the genetic basis …

Pollen tubes elongate within the pistil to transport sperms to the female gametophytes for
fertilization. Pollen tubes grow at their tips through a rapid and polarized cell growth process …

Despite the intensive management practices available to modern agriculture, drought and
salinity are still major constraints on crop production and food security. Yield losses to …

Ion signals are critical to regulating polarized growth in many cell types, including pollen in
plants and neurons in animals. Genetic evidence presented here indicates that pollen tube …

Siphonogamy, the delivery of nonmotile sperm to the egg via a pollen tube, was a key
innovation that allowed flowering plants (angiosperms) to carry out sexual reproduction on …