Chemokines are a class of small cytokines or signaling proteins that are secreted by cells.
Owing to their ability to induce directional chemotaxis of nearby responding cells, they are …

CXCL11 which can bind to two different chemokine receptors, CXCR3 and CXCR7, has
found a prominent place in current tumor research. In this chapter, we mainly discuss the …

Tumor immune microenvironment plays a crucial role in tumor progression. We performed
immune profiling to compare immune-related gene expression between ductal carcinoma in …

Abstract Rationale: Kupffer cells (KCs) play a crucial role in liver immune homeostasis
through interacting with other immune cells and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) …

Intestinal epithelial cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been implicated in intestinal
inflammation. It remains unclear whether ER stress is an initiator of or a response to …

Breast cancer is characterized by some types of heterogeneity, high aggressive behaviour,
and low immunotherapeutic efficiency. Detailed immune stratification is a prerequisite for …

The oral cavity, a unique ecosystem harboring diverse microorganisms, maintains health
through a balanced microflora. Disruption may lead to disease, emphasizing the protective …

Chemokines are chemotactic-competent molecules composed of a family of small cytokines,
playing a key role in regulating tumor progression. The roles of chemokines in antitumor …

Primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an acquired autoimmune hemorrhagic disease.
Loss of immune tolerance plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of ITP. Monocytes and …

Abstract Type 1 regulatory T (Tr1) cell is a special type of T regulatory cells with surface
molecular markers such as lymphocyte‐activation gene 3 and CD49b. A key property of Tr1 …