Executive summary Despite substantial progress in reducing the global impact of many non-
communicable diseases, including heart disease and cancer, morbidity and mortality due to …

The airway smooth muscle (ASM) surrounding the airways is dysfunctional in both asthma
and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), exhibiting; increased contraction …

Background: In 2008, a dedicated American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society
task force published a paper on the possible use and limitations of clinical outcomes and …

Chronic respiratory disorders affect millions of people worldwide. Pathophysiological
changes to the normal airway wall structure, including changes in the composition and …

Eosinophils are bi-lobed, multi-functional innate immune cells with diverse cell surface
receptors that regulate local immune and inflammatory responses. Several inflammatory and …

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is estimated to be the sixth major cause of
disability, and the third main cause of death in the world by 2020. Although both …

Purpose Some previously published primarily retrospective studies have shown that statins
could reduce the rate and severity of exacerbations, the length of hospital stays, and …

The activity of PP2A (protein phosphatase 2A), a serine-threonine phosphatase, is reduced
by chronic cigarette smoke (SM) exposure and α-1 antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency, and …

Background Regulators have called for greater emphasis on the role of the patient voice to
inform medical product development and decision making, and expert guidelines and …

Pulmonary disorders, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD),
pulmonary fibrosis (PF), pulmonary hypertension (PH), and lung cancer, seriously impair the …