Multiple sclerosis (MS) defines as an intricate disease with numerous pathophysiological
processes, including: inflammation, demyelination, oxidative stress, axonal damage, and …

Assessment of cerebral venous return is growing interest for potential application in clinical
practice. Doppler ultrasound (DUS) was used as a screening tool. However, three meta …

Purpose To investigate an examiner-independent catheter venography protocol that could
be used to reliably diagnose venous outflow abnormalities in patients with multiple sclerosis …

Ozone major autohemotherapy is effective in reducing the symptoms of multiple sclerosis
(MS) patients, but its effects on brain are still not clear. In this work, we have monitored the …

Purpose: To determine whether a correlation exists between chronic cerebrospinal venous
insufficiency (CCSVI) and multiple sclerosis (MS). Materials and Methods: A meta-analysis …

Objectives: Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency (CCSVI) has recently been
implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). This comprehensive meta-analysis …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is perceived to be an immunemediated disease of the human central
nervous system, characterized by a relapsing and progressive clinical course, which …

Aim: Ultrasound assessment of morphological parameters of the internal jugular veins and
vertebral veins in healthy individuals as well as their dependence on the patient's position …

In the last years it has been described a condition named Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous
Insufficiency (CCSVI), frequently but not exclusively associated to Multiple Sclerosis (MS) …

Background Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a disease of the nervous system that has profound
effects on everyday functioning and quality of life of not only the person who is diagnosed …