According to the endosymbiotic theory, most of the DNA of the original bacterial
endosymbiont has been lost or transferred to the nucleus, leaving a much smaller (∼ 16 kb …

Aging is a key risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the reasons for this association
are not well understood. Senescent cells accumulate in aged tissues and have been shown …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with human aging.
Ten percent of individuals over 65 years have AD and its prevalence continues to rise with …

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease
(PD), and Huntington disease (HD) represent a major socio-economic challenge in view of …

Abstract Nuclear Factor-Erythroid Factor 2 (Nrf2) is an important transcription factor that
regulates the expression of large number of genes in healthy and disease states. Nrf2 is …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by
memory loss and multiple cognitive impairments. AD is marked by multiple cellular changes …

Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases are the two most common forms of neurodegenerative
diseases. The exact etiology of these disorders is not well known; however, environmental …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that is one of the most
devastating and widespread diseases worldwide, mainly affecting the aging population. One …

The ageing process begins at birth. It is a life-long process, and its exact origins are still
unknown. Several hypotheses attempt to describe the normal ageing process, including …

Background Recent clinical and experimental studies have highlighted the involvement of
Ventral Tegmental Area (VTA) dopamine (DA) neurons for the early pathogenesis of …