Context During illness, deiodination of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3) is
downregulated. This is called “low T3 syndrome”, an adaptive metabolic mechanism to …

ABSTRACT NTIS refers to a syndrome found in seriously ill or starving patients with low fT3,
usually elevated RT3, normal or low TSH, and if prolonged, low fT4. It is found in a high …

PART 2 DISORDERS OF SPECIFIC BODY SYSTEMS 1366 the mare, the placenta, and the
fetus. Evaluation of the mare should include a thorough physical examination, paying …

Thyroid disorders commonly impact on the gastrointestinal system and may even present
with gastrointestinal symptoms in isolation; for example, metastatic medullary thyroid …

Introduction Frailty is associated with a functional decline of multiple physiological systems,
of which they may be a cause or consequence. The objective of the study was to evaluate …

Background: Although hyperthyroidism predisposes to atrial fibrillation, previous trials have
suggested decreased triiodothyronine (T< sub> 3</sub>) concentrations to be associated …

Sepsis is a dysregulated host response to infection that results in life-threatening organ
dysfunction. Virtually every body system can be affected by this syndrome to greater or …

Background: Non-Thyroidal Illness Syndrome (NTIS) caused by infection or fasting is
hallmarked by reduced circulating thyroid hormone (TH) levels. To better understand the …

Methods: We performed a review of the metanalyses focused on NTIS in critically ill patients.
After a careful selection, we extracted data from four metanalyses, performed in different …

Background HBV‐related acute‐on‐chronic liver failure (HBV‐ACLF) deteriorates rapidly in
the short term, which necessitates accurate initial clinical decision making. Aims To develop …