While there are various kinds of drugs for type 2 diabetes mellitus at present, in this review
article, we focus on metformin which is an insulin sensitizer and is often used as a first …

phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1) is considered as master kinase
regulating AGC kinase family members such as AKT, SGK, PLK, S6K and RSK. Although …

Imeglimin is a new anti-diabetic drug commercialized in Japan (Twymeeg®) and has been
drawing much attention in diabetes research area as well as in clinical practice. In this study …

Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors facilitate urine glucose excretion by
reducing glucose reabsorption, leading to ameliorate glycemic control. While the main …

Reciprocal signalling between the endothelium and the pancreatic epithelium is crucial for
coordinated differentiation of the embryonic endocrine and exocrine pancreas. In the adult …

The biomimetic pancreatic microenvironment improves the differentiation efficiency and
function of human embryonic stem cell-derived β-cells (S C-β cells). Thus, a laminin subunit …

Abstract Effects of combination therapy of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor and
sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor on β-cells are still unclear, although …

A growing body of evidence indicates that neutrophils are the first major leukocyte
population accumulating inside the pancreas even before the onset of a lymphocytic-driven …

B‐cell lymphomas (BCLs) are the most common disease entity among hematological
malignancies and have various genetically and molecularly distinct subtypes. In this study …

It has been shown that chronic hyperglycemia gradually decreases insulin biosynthesis and
secretion which is accompanied by reduced expression of very important insulin gene …