Mast cells (MCs) distribute to interface tissues with environment, such as skin, airway, and
gut mucosa, thereby functioning as the sentinel against invading allergens and pathogens …

TLR agonists are a promising class of immune system stimulants investigated for
immunomodulatory applications in cancer immunotherapy and viral diseases. In this study …

摘要Toll 样受体3 (TLR3) 是TLR 家族的成员, 介导I 型干扰素, 促炎细胞因子和趋化因子的转录
诱导, 从而共同建立宿主的抗病毒反应. 研究表明, 不同于其他TLR 家族成员, TLR3 …

The definition of correlates of protection is critical for the development of next generation
SARS-CoV-2 vaccine platforms. Here, we propose a new framework for identifying …

Although the advent of combination antiretroviral therapy can efficiently suppress human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication, a complete cure for HIV infection cannot be …

Psychostimulant use is a major comorbidity in people living with HIV, which was initially
explained by them adopting risky behaviors that facilitate HIV transmission. However, the …

COVID-19 is a respiratory viral disease caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2.
This disease has spread rapidly worldwide with a high rate of morbidity and mortality. The …

Despite the success of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), integrated HIV-1 proviral
DNA cannot be eradicated from an infected individual. HAART is not able to eliminate …

Effective function of CD8+ T cells and enhanced innate activation of dendritic cells (DC) in
response to HIV-1 is linked to protective antiviral immunity in controllers. Manipulation of DC …

MATERIALS AND METHODS Recent development of humanized mice provides robust
models to study infection, pathogenesis, and therapy of human viruses (1, 2). We and others …