Background Delirium is the most common neuropsychiatric syndrome encountered by
clinicians dealing with older adults and the medically ill and is best characterized by 5 core …

Sleep problems are widely prevalent and associated with various comorbidities including
anxiety. Valerian (Valeriana officinalis L.) is a popular herbal medicine used as a sleep aid …

Microglia are the predominant immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS) that exert
key physiological roles required for maintaining CNS homeostasis, notably in response to …

Activated microglial cells play an important role in immune and inflammatory responses in
central nervous system and neurodegenerative diseases. Many pro-apoptotic pathways are …

Cortisol, a critical glucocorticoid hormone produced by the adrenal glands, plays a pivotal
role in various physiological processes. Its release is finely orchestrated by the …

Recent years have witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia biology,
including their major role in the etiology and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases …

The physiological stress response is responsible for the maintenance of homeostasis in the
presence of real or perceived challenges. In this function, the brain activates adaptive …

Autoimmune encephalitis is one of the most rapidly growing research topics in neurology.
Along with discoveries of novel antibodies associated with the disease, clinical experience …

Evidence suggests that the Parkinson's disease (PD) pathogenesis is strongly associated
with bidirectional pathways in the microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA), and psychobiotics may …

For more than 70 years, glucocorticoids (GCs) have been a powerful and affordable
treatment option for inflammatory diseases. However, their benefits do not come without a …