The foot is a complex structure with many articulations and multiple degrees of freedom that
play an important role in static posture and dynamic activities. The evolutionary development …

In this review we attempt to reconstruct the evolutionary history of hominin life history from
extant and fossil evidence. We utilize demographic life history theory and distinguish life …

Adaptive explanations for modern human foot anatomy have long fascinated evolutionary
biologists because of the dramatic differences between our feet and those of our closest …

In the 1970s, mid‐Pliocene hominin fossils were found at the sites of Hadar in Ethiopia and
Laetoli in Tanzania. These samples constituted the first substantial evidence for hominins …

Habitual bipedalism is considered as a major breakthrough in human evolution and is the
defining feature of hominins. Upright posture is presumably less stable than quadrupedal …

It is commonly held that the major functional features of the human foot (eg a functional
longitudinal medial arch, lateral to medial force transfer and hallucal (big-toe) push-off) …

Molecular evidence indicates that the last common ancestor of the genus Pan and the
hominin clade existed between 8 and 4 million years ago (Ma). The current fossil record …

Bipedal locomotion is one of the key adaptations that define the hominin clade. Evidence of
bipedalism is known from postcranial remains of late Miocene hominins as early as 6 million …

During the last century, approximately 30 hypotheses have been constructed to explain the
evolution of the human upright posture and locomotion. The most important and recent ones …

Quantifying speciation times during human evolution is fundamental as it provides a
timescale to test for the correlation between key evolutionary transitions and extrinsic factors …