Electronic cigarettes (EC) are a novel product, marketed as an alternative to tobacco
cigarette. Its effects on human health have not been investigated widely yet, especially in …

Abstract Introduction Thioredoxin (Trx) is a secretory protein that acts as an antioxidant,
redox regulator, anti-allergic, and anti-inflammatory molecule. It has been used to treat …

Study objective Despite the popularity of vaping and electronic vapor delivery systems
(EVDS), the healthcare community remains largely unfamiliar with their potential to induce …

It is currently understood that tobacco smoking is a major cause of pulmonary disease due to
pulmonary/lung inflammation. However, due to a highly dynamic market place and an …

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have rapidly gained popularity as alternatives to
traditional combustible cigarettes. However, their long-term health impact remains uncertain …

The respiratory community is united in its desire to reduce and eliminate the harm caused by
tobacco smoking, which is at present on course to kill one billion people in the 21st century …

Abstract The use of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS) is increasing in prevalence
and popularity. ENDS are a rapidly evolving technology as devices and e-liquid formulations …

Despite concerns over their safety, e-cigarettes (e-cigs) remain a popular tobacco product.
Although nicotine and flavors found in e-cig liquids (e-liquids) can cause harm in the …

Rationale The popularity of new and emerging tobacco products such as E-cigarettes (E-
cigs) is rapidly expanding worldwide. However, uncertainties surrounding the potential …

The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has extensively impacted global health.
The spike protein on the surface of the causative pathogen severe acute respiratory …