Motile cilia generate cell propulsion and extracellular fluid flows that are crucial for airway
clearance, fertility and left-right patterning. Motility is powered by dynein arm complexes that …

Ciliary motility is necessary for many developmental and physiological processes in
animals. In zebrafish, motile cilia are thought to be required for the deposition of otoliths …

Efferent ductules are small, delicate tubules that connect rete testis with the head of the
epididymis, first identified by de Graaf in 1668. Although difficult to find in routine dissection …

In the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Oda16 functions during ciliary assembly as an
adaptor for intraflagellar transport of outer arm dynein. Oda16 orthologs only occur in …

During the early development of marine invertebrates, planktic larvae usually occur, and
their body surfaces often form specific types of cilia that are involved in locomotion and …

hmx2 (nkx5. 2) and hmx3 (nkx5. 1) are highly conserved homeobox transcription factors
required for mouse inner ear development. We have identified four hmx genes that are …

From intracellular protein signaling to embryonic symmetry-breaking, fluid transport
ubiquitously drives biological events in living systems. We provide an overview of the …

Rationale: Congenital heart malformations are a major cause of morbidity and mortality,
especially in young children. Failure to establish normal left-right (LR) asymmetry often …

Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (ARS) are ubiquitously expressed, essential enzymes that
charge tRNA with cognate amino acids. Variants in genes encoding ARS enzymes lead to …

Background In mammalian cells, the integrity of the primary cilium is critical for proper
regulation of the Hedgehog (Hh) signal transduction pathway. Whether or not this …