Any intrinsic or extrinsic stimulus that evokes a biological response is known as stress. The
compensatory responses to these stresses are known as stress responses. Based on the …

Worldwide, the effect of climatic variations has become a great challenge in poultry
production. As global climate is changing, it alters the environmental temperatures …

Major life stressors, especially those involving interpersonal stress and social rejection, are
among the strongest proximal risk factors for depression. In this review, we propose a …

Resilience is the process that allows individuals to adapt to adverse conditions and recover
from them. This process is favored by individual qualities that have been amply studied in …

Many studies have examined effects of prenatal stress on pregnancy and fetal development,
especially on prematurity and birthweight, and more recently long-term effects on child …

Comorbid depression and chronic pain are highly prevalent in individuals suffering from
physical illness. Here, we critically examine the possibility that inflammation is the common …

In response to a peripheral infection, innate immune cells produce pro-inflammatory
cytokines that act on the brain to cause sickness behaviour. When activation of the …

During the last decade, experimental research has demonstrated a prominent role of glial
cells, activated in brain by various injuries, in the mechanisms of seizure precipitation and …

In the field of depression, inflammation-associated depression stands up as an exception
since its causal factors are obvious and it is easy to mimic in an animal model. In addition …

Cytokine-induced sickness behavior was recognized within a few years of the cloning and
expression of interferon-α, IL-1 and IL-2, which occurred around the time that the first issue …