Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a new beta coronavirus
that emerged at the end of 2019 in the Hubei province of China. SARS-CoV-2 causes …

Immune memory is a defining feature of the acquired immune system, but activation of the
innate immune system can also result in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent triggers …

Abstract COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, has recently affected over 1,200,000 people
and killed more than 60,000. The key immune cell subsets change and their states during …

Some recent clinical and preclinical evidence suggests that neuroinflammation is a key
factor that interacts with the three neurobiological correlates of major depressive disorder …

Probiotics are beneficial active microorganisms that colonize the human intestines and
change the composition of the flora in particular parts of the host. Recently, the use of …

The inflammaging concept was introduced in 2000 by Prof. Franceschi. This was an
evolutionary or rather a revolutionary conceptualization of the immune changes in response …

Infectious diseases and infections remain a leading cause of death in low-income countries
and a major risk to vulnerable groups, such as infants and the elderly. The immune system …

SARS-CoV-2 is a newly identified member of the coronavirus family that has caused the
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This rapidly evolving and unrelenting …

Throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, a distinct mucus layer composed of highly
glycosylated proteins called mucins plays an essential role in providing lubrication for the …

The high selectivity and affinity of antibodies toward their antigens have made them a highly
valuable tool in disease therapy, diagnosis, and basic research. A plethora of chemical and …