Abstract The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused by severe acute
respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection has resulted in a serious public …

Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are the consequence of a breach in immune tolerance,
leading to the inability to sufficiently differentiate between self and non-self. Immune …

Background The causes for immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are diverse
and the incidence trends of IMIDs from specific causes are rarely studied. The study aims to …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that
results in significant neurodegeneration in the majority of those affected and is a common …

Autoimmunity is defined by the presence of antibodies and/or T cells directed against self-
components. Although of unknown etiology, autoimmunity commonly is associated with …

The high prevalence and rising incidence of autoimmune diseases have become a
prominent public health issue. Autoimmune disorders result from the immune system …

Several reports have pointed out that Chitinases are expressed and secreted by various cell
types of central nervous system (CNS), including activated microglia and astrocytes. These …

Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) infection is prevalent in global population and associated with
multiple malignancies and autoimmune diseases. During the infection, EBV‐harbored or …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease with demyelination, inflammation,
neuronal loss, and gliosis (scarring). Our object to review MS pathophysiology causes and …

The infection of the central nervous system (CNS) with neurotropic viruses induces
neuroinflammation and is associated with the development of neuroinflammatory and …