Plant defenses are plastic when a single genotype can produce different phenotypes
depending upon the environment. Plastic responses might be favored by selection only if …

Animals and vascular plants are known to defend themselves facultatively against
pathogens, with innate receptors mediating their resistance. Macroalgal defense against …

Avoiding Attack discusses the diversity of mechanisms by which prey avoid predator attacks
and explores how such defensive mechanisms have evolved through natural selection. It …

Whether plants respond to cues produced by neighbors has been a topic of much debate.
Recent evidence suggests that wild tobacco plants transplanted near experimentally clipped …

Although many ecologists have discounted the possibility of communication between plants,
recent work demonstrates that wild tobacco plants with experimentally clipped sagebrush …

An on-going, Caribbean-wide epizootic affecting sea fan corals (Gorgonia spp.) is caused by
the fungus Aspergillus sydowii (Thom et Church). We examined the role of crude extracts in …

Key message Chemical defenses are imperative for plant survival, but their production is
often associated with growth restrictions. Here we review the most recent theories to explain …

Commensurate with the increased frequency of cost-of-defense studies, the conventional
wisdom that inducibility is a cost saving strategy is enjoying growing empirical support …

In clonal organisms, such as corals, one consequence of partial predation may be an
elaboration of defenses in remaining portions of the clone, thereby reducing the probability …

The stoloniferous herb Trifolium repens was used to study the expression of induced
systemic resistance (ISR) to the generalist caterpillar Spodoptera exigua in interconnected …