Largely based on pre-theory that ties high testosterone (T) to masculinity, and low T to
femininity, high T is mainly studied in relation to aggression, mating, sexuality, and …

This chapter reviews cross‐species and cross‐cultural evidence regarding the mating
strategies and specialized mating psychologies that may be fundamental to humans …

Why do individuals exposed to the same environment turn out so differently, with some
engaging in crime and others abiding by societal rules and norms? Why are males involved …

Owing to humans' unique life history pattern, particularly comparatively short interbirth
intervals, early weaning, and prolonged support of multiple dependents, human females …

Men's testosterone is associated with several constructs that are linked to dominance rank,
such as risk-taking, mating success, and aggression. However, no study has directly tested …

Objectives: The 2nd to 4th digit ratio (2D: 4D) is thought to reflect exposure to androgens
during foetal development. This study examined the relationship between low (more …

In fathers testosterone levels are suggested to decrease in the context of caregiving, but
results seem inconsistent. In a meta-analysis including 50 study outcomes with N= 7,080 …

Scholars have long argued that the developmental state of the human infant at birth is
unique. This volume expands that argument, pointing out that many distinctively human …

Past paternal psychobiology research has focused almost exclusively on biological,
residential fathers and the role of fathers as direct caregivers. Here, drawing on a large …

Partnered fathers often have lower testosterone than single non-parents, which is theorized
to relate to elevated testosterone (T) facilitating competitive behaviors and lower T …