Purpose: To validate flow assessment performed with three-dimensional (3D) three-
directional velocity-encoded (VE) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with retrospective …

As the number of individuals over age 65 years continues to increase, the elderly will
comprise an ever-growing portion of each physician's practice. While heart disease in the …

BACKGROUND In clinical color Doppler examinations, mitral regurgitant jets are often
observed to impinge on the left atrial wall immediately beyond the mitral valve. In …

To investigate the effects of atrial fibrillation (AF) on the mitral and tricuspid valves, the
corresponding annular dilatation and valvular regurgitation were compared with 2 …

BACKGROUND Analogous to stenotic valve area in the assessment of valvular stenosis,
regurgitant orifice area (ROA) represents a fundamental parameter to assess valvular …

We tested the hypothesis that the vena contracta (VC) cross-sectional area in patients with
mitral regurgitation (MR) can be reproducibly measured by real-time 3-dimensional (3D) …

OBJECTIVE: Traditionally, a hemispheric assumption for the proximal flow convergence
region (PFCR) is used when calculating mitral regurgitant (MR) effective orifice area …

Echocardiography is the primary imaging modality for assessment of the mitral valve (MV). It
provides an accurate and non-invasive tool to assess the morphology, geometry and …

Background Proximal flow convergence is a promising method to quantify mitral
regurgitation but may overestimate flow when the flow field is constrained. This has not been …

Background Recent studies have shown that many instrument and physiological factors limit
the ability of color Doppler total jet area within the receiving chamber to predict the severity …