Rosemary essential oil (REO) has been used for several medical purposes. Previous
studies have shown the antinociceptive effect of the oil. This study aimed to investigate the …

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Thymus persicus (Roniger ex Reach F.) is an
Iranian endemic medicinal plant of which essential oil and various products have numerous …

One of the main functions of the sensory system in our body is to maintain somatosensory
homeostasis. Recent reports have led to a significant advance in our understanding of pain …

Background The neocortex, including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), contains many
neurons expressing nitric oxide synthase (NOS). In addition, increasing evidence shows that …

As a promising flavonoid, naringenin has shown potential anti-inflammatory and antioxidant
properties mainly in inflammatory pain models by oral administration. Therefore, we …

Berberine is an isoquinoline alkaloid naturally produced by several types of plants.
Berberine has extensive pharmacological effects, such as anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory …

Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main biologically active substance of Nigella sativa (black seeds).
It has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-oxidative and anti-nociceptive …

Essential oils are complex mixtures of plant secondary metabolites composed mostly of
terpenoids, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, and their derivatives such as aldehydes …

Ensete glaucum seeds, being known as one of traditional medicine, are commonly used in
folk medicine to treat urinary stones, edema, and osteoarthritis-related problems. However …

Ferulic acid is a bioactive phenolic compound that is found intensely in plants used in
traditional medicine such as Ferula assa-foetida L.. The analgesic effect of various medicinal …