Preclinical animal studies provide valuable opportunities to better understand human
diseases and contribute to major advances in medicine. This review provides a …

Conjunctival inflammation disturbs the blood–tear barrier and thus affects the tear film
stability and composition. We aimed to develop a non-invasive and reliable method to …

Background/aims Concerning healthcare approaches, a paradigm change from reactive
medicine to predictive approaches, targeted prevention, and personalisation of medical …

Detailed clinical assessment is critical to allow sensitive evaluation of the eye and its
management. As technology advances, these assessment techniques can be adapted and …

The study aimed to determine the tear film pharmacokinetics following topical administration
of 1% prednisolone acetate—assessing whether two drops would provide a superior kinetic …

Local deliver medication in a non-invasive pattern and attaining a long-term sustained
release at ocular regions to minimize side effects is fascinating for treatment and precision …

Objective Determine the protein content and volume of tears sampled by Schirmer strips
wetness ranging from 20 to 35 mm. Animals Studied Ten healthy beagle dogs. Procedures …

Purpose: To describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of prednisone and prednisolone in tear
fluid of dogs receiving oral prednisone at anti-inflammatory to immunosuppressive doses …

Purpose Describe the pharmacokinetics of extended-release parenteral ceftiofur (Excede®)
in canine tear film and compare these concentrations to minimal inhibitory concentrations …

Background Tear proteomic analysis has become an important tool in medical and
veterinary research. The tear collection method could influence the tear protein profile. This …