The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2019/20 is the fourth in this series of biennial
publications. The Concise Guide provides concise overviews of the key properties of nearly …

Astrocytes are neural cells of ectodermal, neuroepithelial origin that provide for homeostasis
and defense of the central nervous system (CNS). Astrocytes are highly heterogeneous in …

The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2017/18 provides concise overviews of the key
properties of nearly 1800 human drug targets with an emphasis on selective pharmacology …

Purinergic signalling, ie, the role of nucleotides as extracellular signalling molecules, was
proposed in 1972. However, this concept was not well accepted until the early 1990's when …

There is nervous control of the heart by ATP as a cotransmitter in sympathetic,
parasympathetic, and sensory-motor nerves, as well as in intracardiac neurons. Centers in …

The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2015/16 provides concise overviews of the key
properties of over 1750 human drug targets with their pharmacology, plus links to an open …

The P2X7 receptor is a cation channel activated by high concentrations of adenosine
triphosphate (ATP). Upon long-term activation, it complexes with membrane proteins forming …

Microglial cells are the scions of foetal macrophages which invade the neural tube early
during embryogenesis. The nervous tissue environment instigates the phenotypic …

Pharmacological tool compounds are now available to define action at the adenosine (ARs),
P2Y and P2X receptors. We present a selection of the most commonly used agents to study …

This review article provides a historical perspective on the role of purinergic signalling in the
regulation of various subsets of immune cells from early discoveries to current …