Macrophages are important players in the fight against viral, bacterial, fungal and parasitic
infections. From a resting state they may undertake two activation pathways, the classical …

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common emotional cognitive disorder that seriously
affects people's physical and mental health and their quality of life. Due to its clinical and …

Background Interactions between neurons, astrocytes, and microglia critically influence
neuroinflammatory responses to insult in the central nervous system. In vitro astrocyte and …

Sustained inflammation in the brain together with microglia activation can lead to neuronal
damage. Hence limiting brain inflammation and activation of microglia is a real therapeutic …

Nitric oxide is a versatile mediator formed by enzymes called nitric oxide synthases. It has
numerous homeostatic functions and important roles in inflammation. Within the inflamed …

In this study, we investigated the contributions of the MALAT1 long noncoding RNA to
autoimmune neuroinflammation in central nervous system tissues from patients with multiple …

Background Microglia-specific genetic variants are enriched in several neurodegenerative
diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), implicating a central role for alterations of the …

Background MicroRNAs have emerged as an important class of modulators of gene
expression. These molecules influence protein synthesis through translational repression or …

Persistent neuroinflammation is now recognized as a chief pathological component of
practically all neurodegenerative diseases. Neuroinflammation in the central nervous …

In addition to the well-established effects of air pollution on the cardiovascular and
respiratory systems, emerging evidence has implicated it in inducing negative effects on the …