This paper is the thirty-fourth consecutive installment of the annual review of research
concerning the endogenous opioid system. It summarizes papers published during 2011 …

Objectives This basic mechanistic study examined the changes in brain activation and
resting‐state connectivity after 8 weeks of CBT in youth with migraine. Background Cognitive …

Citronellol (CT) is a monoterpenoid alcohol present in the essential oil of many medicinal
plants, such as C ymbopogon citratus. We evaluated the antinociceptive effects of CT on …

The medial prefrontal cortex can influence unconditioned fear-induced defensive
mechanisms organised by diencephalic neurons that are under tonic GABAergic inhibition …

Endogenous pain inhibition is less efficient in chronic pain patients. Diffuse noxious
inhibitory control (DNIC), a form of endogenous pain inhibition, is compromised in women …

The mechanisms underlying the transition from acute to chronic pain are unclear but may
involve the persistence or strengthening of pain memories acquired in part through …

The retrosplenial cortex (RSC) is a vital area for storing remote memory and has recently
been found to undergo broad changes after peripheral nerve injury. However, little is known …

Descending pain modulation involves multiple encephalic sites and pathways that range
from the cerebral cortex to the spinal cord. Behavioral studies conducted in the 1980s …

Background Although the interaction between pain and cognition has been recognized for
decades, the neural substrates underlying their association remain unclear. The prefrontal …

Around a quarter of the population report “mirror pain” experiences in which bodily
sensations of pain are elicited in response to viewing another person in pain. We have …