Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) has significantly contributed to global
mortality, with three million deaths reported annually. This impact is expected to increase …

Short-chain fatty acids are known modulators of host–microbe interactions and can affect
human health, inflammation, and outcomes of microbial infections. Acetate is the most …

Methods: Here, we analyzed the metatranscriptomic data of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
(BALF) of 19 COVID-19 patients and 23 healthy controls from 6 independent projects and …

Background The gut-lung axis is generally recognized, but there are few large studies of the
gut microbiome and incident respiratory disease in adults. Objectives To investigate the …

Background Studies of the respiratory tract microbiome primarily focus on airway and lung
microbial diversity, but it is still unclear how these microbial communities may be affected by …

Aspiration pneumonia is a major health problem owing to its high mortality rate in elderly
people. The secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-6 by …

The microbiome is an essential part of most ecosystems. It was originally studied mostly
through culturing but relatively few microbes can be cultured, so much of the microbiome …

Currently, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients and their physicians face
a number of significant clinical challenges, one of which is the high degree of uncertainty …

Background Oral cavity is a reservoir of various respiratory pathogens, and poor oral
hygiene is associated with an increase in anaerobic bacteria in oral cavity. In addition, it …

Background Careful consideration of experimental artefacts is required in order to
successfully apply high-throughput 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) gene sequencing …