Melanin pigment plays a critical role in the protection against the harmful effects of ultraviolet
radiation and other environmental stressors. It is produced by the enzymatic transformation …

Singlet oxygen (1O2) is a biologically relevant reactive oxygen species capable of efficiently
reacting with cellular constituents. The resulting oxidatively generated damage to nucleic …

Skin color diversity is the most variable and noticeable phenotypic trait in humans resulting
from constitutive pigmentation variability. This paper will review the characterization of skin …

The mechanisms by which the pigment melanin is transferred from melanocytes and
processed within keratinocytes to achieve skin pigmentation remain ill-characterized …

Melanin is a secondary metabolite composed of complex heterogeneous polymers. Fungal
melanin is considered to be a sustainable and biodegradable natural pigment and has a …

Skin disorders showing abnormal pigmentation are often difficult to manage because of their
uncertain etiology or pathogenesis. Abnormal pigmentation is a common symptom …

Currently, tumor treatments are characterized by intelligence, diversity and personalization,
but the therapeutic reagents used are often limited in clinical efficacy due to problems with …

The adverse effects of terrestrial solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR)(~ 295–400 nm) on the skin
are well documented, especially in the UVB region (~ 295–320 nm). The effects of very long …

Pigment production is a unique character of melanocytes. Numerous factors are linked with
melanin production, including genetics, ultraviolet radiation (UVR) and inflammation …

Melanins are widely distributed in animals and plants; in vertebrates, most melanins are
present on the body surface. The diversity of pigmentation in vertebrates is mainly attributed …