Tissue engineering is essentially a technique for imitating nature. Natural tissues are made
up of three parts: extracellular matrix (ECM), signaling systems, and cells. Therefore …

Bone fractures are common in clinics and the demand for effective repair material is high.
Unfortunately, limited graft availability, donor site morbidities, unpredictable clinical …

Bone defects stemming from tumorous growths, traumatic events, and diverse conditions
present a profound conundrum in clinical practice and research. While bone has the …

Minimally invasive, efficient, and satisfactory treatment for irregular and lacunar bone defects
is still a challenge. Alginate hydrogels serve as promising stem cell (SC) delivery systems for …

Electrospinning (ES) is considered the most advanced and robust method to make
nanoscale materials named nanofibers (NFs) using various polymers. However, due to the …

The extracellular matrix in tissue consists of complex heterogeneous soft materials with
hierarchical structure and dynamic mechanical properties dictating cell and tissue level …

Laminarin, a complicated polysaccharide originating from brown algae, has emerged as a
compelling candidate in the domain of biomedical research. This enigmatic molecule …

Biopolymers are materials specifically engineered to interact with biological systems. They
can be derived from either natural or synthetic sources, depending on the biological …

Spontaneous bone regeneration encounters substantial restrictions in cases of bone
defects, demanding external intervention to improve the repair and regeneration procedure …

Bone scaffolds play a crucial role in bone tissue engineering, providing mechanical support
for the growth of new tissue while enduring static and fatigue loads. Although polymers …