Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) are a class of receptors that can directly recognize the
specific molecular structures on the surface of pathogens, apoptotic host cells, and damaged …

Ischemic stroke (IS) is one of the most fatal diseases. Neuroimmunity, inflammation, and
oxidative stress play important roles in various complex mechanisms of IS. In particular, the …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a multifactorial, age-related neurological disease characterized
by complex pathophysiological dynamics taking place at multiple biological levels, including …

Background Our previous studies have shown that berberine can improve the nerve function
deficits in ischemic stroke by inhibiting inflammation. The cellular communication between …

As an integral part of the innate immune system of the brain, resident microglia must react
rapidly to the onset of brain injury and neurological disease. These dynamic cells then …

Abstract MicroRNAs (miRNA), endogenous non-coding RNAs approximately 22 nucleotides
long, regulate gene expression by mediating translational inhibition or mRNA degradation …

Uncontrolled microglial activation is pivotal to the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD),
which can secrete Cathepsin L (CTSL) to affect the survival of neurons in the PD patients; …

Highlights•Local homosynaptic activity drives coordinated changes at inactive
heterosynapses.•Heterosynaptic potentiation and depression occur as quickly as …

The human brain and central nervous system (CNS) harbor a select sub-group of potentially
pathogenic microRNAs (miRNAs), including a well-characterized NF-kB-sensitive Homo …

Exosomes are well established effectors of cell–cell communication. Their role on
maturation of embryonic cells located in hippocampus, seat of memory, is unknown. Here …