Macrophages are the most abundant immune cells within the synovial joints, and also the
main innate immune effector cells triggering the initial inflammatory responses in the …

Oxidative stress is a pathological condition occurring due to an imbalance between the
oxidants and antioxidant defense systems in the body. Nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 …

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most debilitating chronic diseases worldwide, with
increased prevalence and incidence. In addition to its macrovascular damage, through its …

Innate immune response induces positive inflammatory transducers and regulators in order
to attack pathogens, while simultaneously negative signaling regulators are transcribed to …

Curcumin is a natural compound with great potential for disease treatment. A large number
of studies have proved that curcumin has a variety of biological activities, among which anti …

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases
worldwide, as it affects up to 30% of adults in Western countries. Moreover, NAFLD is also …

Curcumin is a naturally occurring polyphenol that is isolated from the rhizome of Curcuma
longa (turmeric). This medicinal compound has different biological activities, including …

Nuclear factor erythroid 2 p45-related factor (2Nrf2) is an essential leucine zipper protein
(bZIP) that is primarily located in the cytoplasm under physiological conditions. Nrf2 …

Several epidemiological studies and clinical trials have reported the beneficial effects of
green tea, coffee, wine, and curry on human health, with its anti-obesity, anti-cancer, anti …

Excessive bone erosion by osteoclasts is associated with osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis,
and periprosthetic osteolysis. Targeting osteoclasts may serve as an effective treatment for …