Mycoheterotrophic plants have lost the ability to photosynthesize and obtain essential
mineral and organic nutrients from associated soil fungi. Despite involving radical changes …

Background Gastrodia elata is a fully mycoheterotrophic orchid and has long been used in
traditional Chinese medicine. The life cycle of G. elata requires an association with two …

In the context of a symbiotic plant-fungus interaction study concerning Cattleya purpurata,
we focused on some aspects of seed morphology and biology, and the early stages of …

Understanding how natural selection acts on intraspecific variation to bring about
phenotypic divergence is critical to understanding processes of evolutionary diversification …

Abstract Background and Aims Plant–fungus symbioses may experience temporal turnover
during the host's ontogenetic or phenological development, which can influence the host …

Hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins (HRGPs) are abundant cell wall components involved in
mycorrhizal symbiosis, but little is known about their function in orchid mycorrhizal …

Fungi employ extracellular enzymes to initiate the degradation of organic macromolecules
into smaller units and to acquire the nutrients for their growth. As such, these enzymes …

Serendipitaceae represents a diverse fungal group in the Basidiomycota that includes
endophytes and lineages that repeatedly evolved ericoid, orchid and ectomycorrhizal …

Dendrobium is one of the largest genera in the Orchidaceae, and D. officinale is used in
traditional medicine, particularly in China. D. officinale seeds are minute and contain limited …

In this overview, the development of orchid seed and protocorm is summarized. Although the
structural organization of seed and protocorm appears simple, information is presented …