Fungi are an understudied resource possessing huge potential for developing products that
can greatly improve human well-being. In the current paper, we highlight some important …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common autoimmune disease that targets myelin in the central
nervous system (CNS). Multiple genome-wide association studies (GWAS) over the past 10 …

Background and Objectives The goal of this work was to determine whether the prevalence
of multiple sclerosis (MS) varies by race and ethnicity. Methods We conducted a …

Background Genomewide association studies of autoimmune diseases have mapped
hundreds of susceptibility regions in the genome. However, only for a few association …

Objective Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and its spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are inflammatory
demyelinating diseases (IDDs) with a specific biomarker, aquaporin‐4–immunoglobulin G …

The discovery of fingolimod (FTY720/Gilenya; Novartis), an orally active immunomodulatory
drug, has opened up new approaches to the treatment of multiple sclerosis, the most …

The last couple of decades have seen an explosion in our interest and understanding of the
role of vitamin D in the regulation of immunity. At the molecular level, the hormonal form of …

Background There is a striking latitudinal gradient in multiple sclerosis (MS) prevalence, but
exceptions in Mediterranean Europe and northern Scandinavia, and some systematic …

Population stratification—allele frequency differences between cases and controls due to
systematic ancestry differences—can cause spurious associations in disease studies. We …

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central
nervous system characterized by relapses and remissions. The risk of acquiring this …