Congenital stationary night blindness (CSNB) refers to a group of genetically and clinically
heterogeneous retinal disorders. Seventeen different genes with more than 360 different …

Heterotrimeric G proteins are key players in transmembrane signaling by coupling a huge
variety of receptors to channel proteins, enzymes, and other effector molecules. Multiple …

It is widely recognized that the neural basis of brain function can be fully understood only by
integrating many disciplines at many levels. Studies of synaptic organization are bringing …

Mammalian retinal degenerations initiated by gene defects in rods, cones or the retinal
pigmented epithelium (RPE) often trigger loss of the sensory retina, effectively leaving the …

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a widely expressed family of 28
evolutionarily conserved cationic ion channels that operate as primary detectors of chemical …

An essential step in intricate visual processing is the segregation of visual signals into ON
and OFF pathways by retinal bipolar cells (BCs). Glutamate released from photoreceptors …

Night vision requires signaling from rod photoreceptors to adjacent bipolar cells in the retina.
Mutations in the genes NYX and GRM6, expressed in ON bipolar cells, lead to a disruption …

Glutamate release from photoreceptor terminals is controlled by voltage-dependent calcium
channels (VDCCs). In humans, mutations in the Cacna1f gene, encoding the α1F subunit of …

Complete congenital stationary night blindness (cCSNB) is a clinically and genetically
heterogeneous group of retinal disorders characterized by nonprogressive impairment of …

Renin–Angiotensin System is classically recognized for its role in the control of systemic
blood pressure. However, the retina is recognized to have all the components necessary for …