The current definition of acute kidney injury (AKI) is generic and, based only on markers of
function, is unsuitable for guiding individualized treatment. AKI is a complex syndrome with …

Increasingly popular, ultra-endurance participation exposes athletes to extremely high levels
of functional and structural damage. Ultra-endurance athletes commonly develop acute …

Physiological differences have been reported between individuals who have habitual low
(LOW) and high (HIGH) water intake (WI). The aims of this study were to explore body water …

Gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances are a prevalent cause of marathon related complaints, and
in extreme cases can promote life-threatening conditions such as exertional heat stroke. Our …

Acute kidneys injuries (AKIs) have been described in marathon and trail running. The
currently available data allows assessment of before/after comparisons but does not allow …

Objectives Endurance exercise is known to cause a rise in serum creatinine. It is not known
to what extent this rise reflects renal stress and a potential acute kidney injury (AKI) …

Trail running is becoming a more popular sport, offering many health advantages, though it
also has a significant risk of injury. Due to a lack of data on trial runners' injury …

Background Marathon running poses unique cardiovascular challenges, sometimes leading
to syncopal episodes. We present a case series of athletes who experienced pre-/syncope …

Biomarkers have emerged as valuable tools in the realm of elite sports, providing objective
measures of athletes' physiological responses and potential for performance optimization …

Exertional heat illness (EHI) is caused by a combination of external environment and
endogenous heat production during physical activity or work and can cause injury to the …