Pain is a complex experience with far-reaching organismal influences ranging from
biological factors to those that are psychological and social. Such influences can serve as …

Objective Increased opioid prescription to relieve pain among patients with chronic pain is
associated with increased risk for misuse, potentially leading to substance use disorders …

This paper offers a review and recommendations for clinicians working with patients
interested in discontinuing opioid agonist treatment. As buprenorphine/naloxone has gained …

Objective To determine the prevalence of chronic and occasional opioid use and identify risk
factors of opioid use among persons with knee osteoarthritis (OA). Methods We used the …

The activation of cannabinoid CB1 receptors (CB1R) by Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), the
main component of Cannabis sativa, induces analgesia. CB1R activation, however, also …

Abstract Purpose of Review Chronic low back pain (CLBP) is a major source of physical and
psychiatric morbidity and mortality, and the current overreliance on opioid analgesics has …

Pharmacotherapy is an effective treatment modality across psychiatric disorders.
Nevertheless, many patients discontinue their medication at some point. Evidence-based …

While the evidence for urine drug testing for patients on chronic opioid therapy is weak, the
guidelines created by numerous medical societies and state and federal regulatory …

Background: Post lumbar surgery syndrome is common and often results in chronic,
persistent pain and disability, which can lead to multiple interventions. After failure of …

Importance Prior studies have identified an association between obesity and prescription
opioid use in the US. However, the pain conditions that are factors in this association remain …