The population of adults living with congenital heart disease (CHD) has grown rapidly in
recent decades due to major advances in surgical and medical care. Although the benefits …

Visualization and quantification of the adverse effects of distorted blood flow are important
emerging fields in cardiology. Abnormal blood flow patterns can be seen in various …

Background: The Fontan operation creates a total cavopulmonary connection, a circulation
in which the importance of pulmonary vascular resistance is magnified. Over time, this …

Background: Despite developments in surgical techniques and medical care, people with a
Fontan circulation still experience long-term complications; non-invasive therapies to …

The Fontan circulation describes the circulatory state resulting from an operation in
congenital heart disease where systemic venous return is directed to the lungs without an …

Objective Exercise impairment is common in Fontan patients. Our aim is to systematically
review previous literature to determine the prognostic value of exercise capacity in older …

Impaired exercise following Fontan is a surrogate of morbidity. Single-center longitudinal
data exist, but there is a lack of contemporary multi-center data. Ramp cycle ergometry was …

Background The Fontan procedure, the last of a series of operations performed in patients
with congenital heart defects, offers improved exercise capacity compared to baseline …

Background: People with a Fontan circulation usually have moderately impaired exercise
performance, although a subset have high physical performance (“Super-Fontan”), which …

Background The effect of exercise training and its mechanisms on the functional capacity
improvement in Fontan patients (FP) are virtually unknown. This trial evaluated four-month …