Background Surgical adverse events persist despite several decades of system-based
quality improvement efforts, suggesting the need for alternative strategies. Qualitative …

Importance Postoperative complications remain common after surgery, but little is known
about the extent of variation in operative technical skill and whether variation is associated …

Background Efforts to improve surgical safety and outcomes have traditionally placed little
emphasis on intraoperative performance, partly due to difficulties in measurement. Video …

Importance To better understand the emerging role of artificial intelligence (AI) in surgical
training, efficacy of AI tutoring systems, such as the Virtual Operative Assistant (VOA), must …

Importance Complex surgical interventions are inherently prone to variation yet they are not
objectively measured. The reasons for outcome differences following cancer surgery are …

How well a surgery is performed impacts a patient's outcomes; however, objective
quantification of performance remains an unsolved challenge. Deconstructing a procedure …

Simulation has become an integral part of physician education, and abundant evidence
confirms that simulation-based education improves learners' skills and behaviors and is …

Objective Obtaining the proficiency on the robotic platform necessary to safely perform a
robotic pancreatoduodenectomy is particularly challenging. We hypothesize that by …

Purpose The aim of this review was to collate current evidence wherein digitalisation,
through the incorporation of video technology and artificial intelligence (AI), is being applied …

Abstract Background and Objective Surgical skill assessment aims to objectively evaluate
and provide constructive feedback for trainee surgeons. Conventional methods require …