Sympathetic activation is a consistent finding in the chronic heart failure (CHF) state. Current
therapy for CHF targets the renin-angiotensin II (ANG II) and adrenergic systems …

Increased cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) is a key feature of heart failure (HF)
and is associated with poor outcome. There is evidence that central angiotensinergic …

Heart failure (HF) is a serious debilitating condition with poor survival rates and an
increasing level of prevalence. The excessive sympatho-excitation that is a hallmark of heart …

In heart failure (HF), cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (SNA; CSNA) is increased, which has
detrimental effects on the heart and promotes arrhythmias and sudden death. There is …

In heart failure (HF), increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA), renal
norepinephrine spillover, and renin release cause renal vasoconstriction, which may …

Background Excessive sympathetic activity contributes to the pathogenesis and progression
of hypertension. Enhanced cardiac sympathetic afferent reflex (CSAR) is involved in …

Objectives Sympathetic drive, especially to the heart, is elevated in heart failure and is
strongly associated with poor outcome. The mechanisms causing the increased sympathetic …

Background Dysregulation of the autonomic nervous system is frequent in subjects with
cardiovascular disease. The contribution of different forms of renovascular hypertension and …

充血性心力衰竭(congestive heart Failure, CHF, 心衰), 是各种心脏疾病发展的终末阶段,
严重影响着患者的预后和生存质量. 随着循证医学证据的不断涌现, 临床上对CHF …

Early and preferential activation of cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (CSNA) is one of the
strongest prognostic markers of heart failure (HF) in patients. Our previous studies have …