Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) are nano-sized, lipid membrane-delimited particles
filled with bacteria-derived components. They have important roles in the physiology and …

Vaccines have been highly successful in the management of many diseases. However,
there are still numerous illnesses, both infectious and noncommunicable, for which there are …

Antibiotic therapy is one of the most important approaches against bacterial infections.
However, the improper use of antibiotics and the emergence of drug resistance have …

The application of bacteria and bacteria-derived membrane vesicles (MVs) has promising
potential to make a great impact on the development of controllable targeted drug delivery …

Recently, with the rapid development of bioengineering technology and nanotechnology,
natural bacteria were modified to change their physiological activities and therapeutic …

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted by both eukaryotes and prokaryotes, and are
present in all biological fluids of vertebrates, where they transfer DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids …

Immunotherapy continues to be in the spotlight of oncology therapy research in the past few
years and has been proven to be a promising option to modulate one's innate and adaptive …

With the economy's globalization and the population's aging, cancer has become the
leading cause of death in most countries. While imposing a considerable burden on society …

Bacteria release extracellular vesicles (EVs) known as bacterial membrane vesicles (BMVs)
during their normal growth. Gram-negative bacteria produce BMVs termed outer membrane …

Immunotherapy has gradually emerged as the most promising anticancer therapy. In
addition to conventional anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, anti-CTLA-4 therapy, CAR-T therapy, etc …