The endothelium, a cellular monolayer lining the blood vessel wall, plays a critical role in
maintaining multiorgan health and homeostasis. Endothelial functions in health include …

To defense harmful stimuli or maintain the immune homeostasis, the body produces and
recruits a superfamily of cytokines such as interleukins, interferons, chemokines etc. Among …

Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease; unstable atherosclerotic plaque rupture,
vascular stenosis, or occlusion caused by platelet aggregation and thrombosis lead to acute …

The cardiovascular complications contribute to a majority of diabetes associated morbidity
and mortality, accounting for 44% of death in those patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus …

Protocatechuic acid is a natural phenolic acid, which widely exists in our daily diet and
herbs. It is also one of the main metabolites of complex polyphenols, such as anthocyanins …

Endogenous bioactive lipids are part of a complex network that modulates a plethora of
cellular and molecular processes involved in health and disease, of which inflammation …

Atherosclerosis, a chronic cardiovascular disease caused by plaque development in
arteries, remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Atherosclerotic plaques are …

A wide variety of cell populations, including both immune and endothelial cells, participate in
the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Among these groups, macrophages deserve special …

Atherosclerosis, which is triggered by endothelial damage, progressive local inflammation
and excessive lipid accumulation, is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases in …

Events responsible for cardiovascular mortality and morbidity are predominantly caused by
rupture of “vulnerable” atherosclerotic lesions. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play …