Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer are at
a particularly high risk of breast cancer brain metastasis (BCBM) and leptomeningeal …

Ultrasound-guided sampling methods are usually minimally invasive techniques applied to
obtain cytological specimens or tissue samples, mainly used for the diagnosis of different …

Simple Summary Leptomeningeal metastases represent an unmet need due to the lack of
effective therapy and poor survival. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor, neratinib, has …

Background In recent decades, real-world evidence (RWE) in oncology has rapidly gained
traction for its potential to answer clinical questions that cannot be directly addressed by …

Simple Summary Brain metastases are a commonly recognized poor prognostic factor in
patients with cancer. Due to their poor prognosis, these patients were commonly excluded …

Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of brain metastases (BM), with high
morbidity and mortality. The aim of our study was to explore the effect of the cartilage …

Objectives Extensive application of anti-HER2 targeted therapy improves significantly the
HER2-positive advanced breast cancer (BC) prognosis, however, it is still difficult to treat …

Leptomeningeal metastases/diseases (LMDs) are a late-stage complication of solid tumor or
hematologic malignancies. LMD is spread of cancer cells to the layers of the leptomeninges …

Background The extent of the relationship between age and the presence of breast cancer
synchronous brain metastases (BCSBMs) and mortality has not yet been well-identified or …

Purpose Most oncological treatments for leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) do not cross the
blood-brain barrier (BBB). One therapeutic option is intrathecal (IT) chemotherapy. Both the …