Mitochondria are the key energy-producing organelles and cellular source of reactive
species. They are responsible for managing cell life and death by a balanced homeostasis …

Geroscience, the new interdisciplinary field that aims to understand the relationship between
aging and chronic age-related diseases (ARDs) and geriatric syndromes (GSs), is based on …

Mesenchymal cells are mesoderm-derived stromal cells that are best known for providing
structural support to organs, synthesizing and remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM) and …

Fracture risk is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). In addition, these
patients sustain fractures despite having higher levels of areal bone mineral density, as …

The development of osteoarthritis (OA) correlates with a rise in the number of senescent
cells in joint tissues, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) has been …

Organ fibrosis is a lethal outcome of autoimmune rheumatic diseases such as systemic
sclerosis. Myofibroblasts are scar-forming cells that are ultimately responsible for the …

Abstract Cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) are fundamental drivers of the cell
cycle and are required for the initiation and progression of various malignancies …

Cellular senescence involves a stable cell-cycle arrest coupled to a secretory program that,
in some instances, stimulates the immune clearance of senescent cells. Using an immune …

Tumor-promoting inflammation and the avoidance of immune destruction are hallmarks of
cancer. While innate immune cells, such as neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages, are …

Immune system aging is characterized by the paradox of immunosenescence (insufficiency)
and inflammaging (over-reaction), which incorporate two sides of the same coin, resulting in …