E3 ubiquitin ligases are a large family of enzymes that join in a three-enzyme ubiquitination
cascade together with ubiquitin activating enzyme E1 and ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 …

Interferon (IFN) signaling induces the expression of a wide array of genes, collectively
referred to as IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) that generally function to inhibit viral replication …

The tumor necrosis factor (TNF) ligand and receptor superfamilies play an important role in
cell proliferation, survival, and death. Stimulating or inhibiting TNF superfamily signaling …

Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) metabolism is potentially linked with development of
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC),,-. BCAA transaminase 2 (BCAT2) was essential …

Eukaryotic stress granules (SGs) are highly dynamic assemblies of untranslated mRNAs
and proteins that form through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) under cellular stress …

TRIM21 (Ro52/SSA1) is an E3 ubiquitin ligase with key roles in immune host defence, signal
transduction, and possibly cell cycle regulation. It is also an autoantibody target in Sjögren's …

Autophagy, a main intracellular catabolic process, is induced in response to a variety of
cellular stresses to promptly degrade harmful agents and to coordinate the activity of …

The E3 ubiquitin ligase MuRF1/TRIM63 was identified 20 years ago and suspected to play
important roles during skeletal muscle atrophy. Since then, numerous studies have been …

As a master regulator of metabolism, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is activated upon
energy and glucose shortage but suppressed upon overnutrition. Exaggerated negative …

RIG-I is a viral RNA sensor that induces the production of type I interferon (IFN) in response
to infection with a variety of viruses. Modification of RIG-I with K63-linked poly-ubiquitin …