Mitragyna speciosa, otherwise known as kratom, is a plant in the coffee family (Rubiaceae)
native to Southeast Asia and Thailand whose leaves have been shown to cause opioid-like …

Abstract Purpose of Review This work aims to provide an up-to-date review of the preclinical
and clinical scientific literature on the therapeutic value of kratom to better understand the …

Kratom alkaloids have mostly been evaluated for their opioid activity but less at other targets
that could contribute to their physiological effects. Here, we investigated the in vitro and in …

Background Mitragyna speciosa, referred to as “kratom”, is increasingly used in the United
States for self-treating pain, psychiatric, and substance use disorder symptoms. It is used by …

Background: Mitragyna speciosa (kratom) is increasingly used in the United States for its
pharmacological effects. Kratom's relative novelty makes for a dynamic situation, such that …

Introduction Kratom is a plant with partial opioid agonist effects, and its use has become
popular to ameliorate symptoms of opioid withdrawal. However, use has been linked to …

ABSTRACT Background: Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa Korth.) use outside of Southeast Asia
has increased over the past decade. Objectives: This investigation clarifies kratom's role in …

Background Made as a tea, the Thai traditional drug “kratom” reportedly possesses
pharmacological actions that include both a coca-like stimulant effect and opium-like …

Mitragyna speciosa Korth (kratom) is known for its psychoactive and analgesic properties.
Mitragynine is the primary constituent present in kratom leaves. This study highlights the …

There is limited understanding regarding kratom use among US adults. Although
motivations for use are increasingly understood, typical kratom doses, threshold of (low and …