In recent years, breakthroughs have been made in tumor immunotherapy. However, tumor
immunotherapy, particularly anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immune checkpoint inhibitors, is effective in …

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a common cell in the tumour microenvironment
with diverse tumour-promoting functions. Their presence in tumours is commonly associated …

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), such as programmed cell death protein 1
(PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), have been widely applied in clinical and …

Tumor immunotherapy, as the focus of scientific research and clinical tumor treatment in
recent years, has received extensive attention. Due to its remarkable curative effect and …

The high primary resistance incidence and unavoidable secondary resistance are the major
clinical obstacle to lasting long-term benefits in Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) …

Melanoma is recognized as the most dangerous type of skin cancer, with high mortality and
resistance to currently used treatments. To overcome the limitations of the available …

Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is the most common inherited
kidney disease and is characterized by progressive growth of fluid-filled cysts. Growth …

The implementation of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), with or without chemotherapy, as
first-line treatment for patients who do not have actionable mutations has proved to be a …

Cancer cells program fibroblasts into cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in a two-step
manner. First, cancer cells secrete exosomes to program quiescent fibroblasts into activated …

Background Recurrence is common after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radical treatment
for muscle-invasive bladder cancer. We investigated the effect of adding nintedanib to …