Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be widely isolated from various tissues including bone
marrow, umbilical cord, and adipose tissue, with the potential for self-renewal and …

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic and fatal lung disease that significantly impacts the aging
population globally. To date, anti-fibrotic, immunosuppressive, and other adjunct therapy …

Fibrosis is caused by extensive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) components, which
play a crucial role in injury repair. Fibrosis attributes to~ 45% of all deaths worldwide. The …

Pulmonary fibrosis is an irreversible and progressive disease affecting the lungs, and the
etiology remains poorly understood. This disease can be lethal and currently has no specific …

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a destructive connective tissue disease characterized by
dysregulation of the immune system and fibrosis in the skin and internal organs. The …

Background Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is one of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) with
poor prognosis. S100 calcium binding protein A12 (S100A12) has been reported as a …

Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and ultimately fatal lung disease, exhibiting the
excessive production of extracellular matrix and aberrant activation of fibroblast. While …

Abstract Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) is an immune checkpoint protein that has
been linked with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and fibroblast to myofibroblast transition …

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic interstitial lung disease of unknown origin
that usually results in death from secondary respiratory failure within 2–5 years of diagnosis …

Rapid reaction to microbes invading mucosal tissues is key to protect the host against
disease. Respiratory tissue‐resident memory T (TRM) cells provide superior immunity …