Biofilms are surface-attached groups of microbial cells encased in an extracellular matrix
that are significantly less susceptible to antimicrobial agents than non-adherent, planktonic …

Chronic and recurrent bacterial infections are frequently associated with the formation of
biofilms on biotic or abiotic materials that are composed of mono-or multi-species cultures of …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram-negative bacterium belonging to the γ-proteobacteria.
Like other members of the Pseudomonas genus, it is known for its metabolic versatility and …

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a metabolically versatile bacterium that can cause a wide
range of severe opportunistic infections in patients with serious underlying medical …

Hosts and bacteria have coevolved over millions of years, during which pathogenic bacteria
have modified their virulence mechanisms to adapt to host defense systems. Although the …

In recent years, the effectiveness of antimicrobials in the treatment of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa infections has gradually decreased. This pathogen can be observed in several …

Polymyxin antibiotics are increasingly being used as last-line therapeutic options against a
number of multidrug resistant bacteria. These antibiotics show strong bactericidal activity …

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are natural antibiotics produced by various organisms such
as mammals, arthropods, plants, and bacteria. In addition to antimicrobial activity, AMPs can …

Most bacterial pathogens have the remarkable ability to flourish in the external environment
and in specialized host niches. This ability requires their metabolism, physiology, and …

Bacteria encounter a myriad of stresses in their natural environments, including, for
pathogens, their hosts. These stresses elicit a variety of specific and highly regulated …