Ticks are among the most important vectors of pathogens affecting humans and other
animals worldwide. They do not only carry pathogens however, as a diverse group of …

Of the many pathogens that infect humans and animals, a large number use cells of the host
organism as protected sites for replication. To reach the relevant intracellular compartments …

Viruses and intracellular bacterial pathogens (IBPs) have in common the need of suitable
host cells for efficient replication and proliferation during infection. In human infections, the …

Pathogenic bacteria taken up into the macrophage phagosome are the target of many anti-
microbial mechanisms. Although mitochondria-derived antimicrobial effectors like reactive …

Introduction The clinically licensed drugs used as antibiotics prevent the microbial growth
interfering with the biosynthesis of proteins, nucleic acids, microorganism wall biosynthesis …

Bovine digital dermatitis (DD) is a leading cause of lameness in dairy cattle throughout the
world. Despite 35 years of research, the definitive etiologic agent associated with the …

Among blood-sucking arthropods, ticks are recognized as being of prime global importance
because of their role as vectors of pathogens affecting human and animal health. Ticks carry …

T helper 17 cells (Th17) constitute a distinct subset of helper T cells with a unique
transcriptional profile (STAT3, RORγ, and RORα), cytokine production pattern (IL17 family) …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate the expression of protein
coding genes of viruses and eukaryotes at the post-transcriptional level. The eukaryotic …

Pathogens use a vast number of strategies to alter host membrane dynamics. Targeting the
host membrane machinery is important for the survival and pathogenesis of several …