Abstract Cucurbitacin B (CuB, C 32 H 46 O 8), the most abundant and active member of
cucurbitacins, which are highly oxidized tetracyclic triterpenoids. Cucurbitacins are widely …

Autophagy is a highly conserved catabolic process seen in eukaryotes and is essentially a
lysosome-dependent protein degradation pathway. The dysregulation of autophagy is often …

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy.
Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered …

Hernandezine (Her) is a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid extracted from the traditional
Chinese herbal medicine Thalictrum glandulosissimum. Evidence shows that Her is a …

Bromelain is a key enzyme found in pineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr.); a proteolytic
substance with multiple beneficial effects for human health such as anti-inflammatory …

Isoginkgetin (ISO), a natural biflavonoid, exhibited cytotoxic activity against several types of
cancer cells. However, its effects on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and mechanism …

Aging became a priority in medicine due to the rapid increase of elderly population and age-
related diseases in the Western countries. Nine hallmarks have been identified based on …

Although advances in medical technology and health care have improved the early
diagnosis and management for cardiorenal metabolic disorders, the prevalence of obesity …

Malignant melanoma is a devastating disease. Because of its aggressiveness, it also serves
as a model tumor for investigating novel therapeutic avenues. In recent years, scientific …

We previously found that lactic acidosis in the tumor environment was permissive to cancer
cell surviving under glucose deprivation and demonstrated that neutralizing lactic acidosis …