An individual's behaviour patterns can be conceptualized as a series of threat‐sensitive
trade‐offs between ambient predation pressure and a suite of fitness‐related activities, such …

Numerous studies have examined how predator diets influence prey responses to predation
risk, but the role predator diet plays in modulating prey responses remains equivocal. We …

Hard clams, Mercenaria mercenaria, are sessile, filter-feeding organisms that are heavily
preyed upon by blue crabs, which find their clam prey using chemical cues. Clams may …

Predators stalk, attack, capture and ingest prey. At each stage, chemical cues are released
passively as a natural by-product of this behavioural interaction. These chemical cues are …

Organisms often undergo shifts in habitats as their requirements change with ontogeny.
Upon entering a new environment, it is vitally important to be able to rapidly assess …

Studies of trait‐mediated indirect interactions (TMIIs) typically focus on effects higher
predators have on per capita consumption by intermediate consumers of a third, basal prey …

Nile tilapia social position (Oreochromis niloticus) can be mediated by multiple channels,
including chemical communication. Absence of chemical cues in the environment prevents …

There is growing evidence that culverts at road-stream crossings can increase fish density
by reducing stream width and fish movement rates, making these passageways ideal …

Since avoiding predation can compromise animal fitness, prey are expected to respond to
different predator species with an intensity appropriate to the level of risk. In fresh waters, the …

Many prey species use chemical cues to detect predators. According to the threat sensitivity
hypothesis, prey should match the intensity of their antipredator behaviour to the degree of …